o2
Oxygen
Oxygen (O2) is a colourless, tasteless, and odourless gas, although it appears pale blue in its liquid and solid states.
It is crucial for sustaining life, as it is used during respiration. However, high concentrations of oxygen create an enriched environment that can accelerate combustion. Materials that may not burn in normal air may burn vigorously in an oxygen-rich environment, with a simple spark being enough to potentially cause fires.
In many industrial processes, oxygen levels can be displaced by other gases, so it’s important to monitor oxygen levels and evacuate if oxygen levels fall below 19.5% by volume.
Colourless, odourless, and tasteless
Supports combustion
Non-toxic at normal atmospheric concentrations
Naturally abundant (around 21%)
19.5%
minimum and 23.5% maximum “Safe Level”
More about oxygen
Hazard | Supports combustion, can cause fires or explosions in enriched atmospheres |
Classification | Not classified as toxic or flammable, but is an oxidizer |
Exposure limits |
Oxygen concentration of air (20.954%).19.5% minimum and 23.5% maximum “Safe Level” (OSHA) |
Industries present | Medical and industrial uses, welding, aerospace, chemical processing |
Health effects | Prolonged exposure to high concentrations can cause oxygen toxicity, affecting the lungs and central nervous system |
Environmental impact | No direct environmental impact; essential for life and combustion processes |
Duration in air | Remains in the atmosphere indefinitely, part of the Earth’s breathable air |
Oxygen is an essential component for life, consumed during respiration. However, high concentrations of oxygen can accelerate combustion and create an enriched environment that can lead to more intense fires.
Increased oxygen levels (enrichment) dramatically increases the flammability of combustible matter. Materials which do not burn readily in air, such as metals, can become readily combustible in oxygen enriched atmospheres and spontaneous combustion can occur.
However, is it not just enriched environments that pose a risk. Reduced oxygen levels (depletion) can happen by the increased presence of other gases (e.g. Nitrogen, or Helium), and can happen without our awareness in the case of many common odourless and colourless gases.
Oxygen depletion is a side-effect of many biological or chemical processes, and can lead to drowsiness, unconsciousness, brain damage and even death, making the monitoring of safe oxygen levels of paramount importance.
How to detect oxygen
Need some expert advice?
The team here at Crowcon are industry leaders in gas detection, and between us have decades of experience working with and around substances like oxygen. If you want advice on gas detection and safety, a member of our team is always on hand to walk you through the best resources and advice to keep you, your site, and your personnel safe.
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