CO2
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide is colourless, odourless, and denser than air, causing it to accumulate in low-lying areas.
While CO2 is present everywhere around us, its levels are usually low enough not to pose health risks under normal conditions.
However, carbon dioxide emissions can be dangerous, especially in confined, poorly ventilated spaces where an oxygen-deficient atmosphere may also be present. Measuring CO2 in parts per million can be challenging, so infrared detection is commonly used.
Colourless and odourless
Asphyxiant in confined spaces
5 times heavier than air
Exposures to 7% CO2 can cause death in only 5 minutes
Major greenhouse gas
More about CARBON DIOXIDE
Hazard | Non-flammable, can cause asphyxiation in high concentrations |
Classification | Not classified as toxic, but considered an asphyxiant in confined spaces |
Exposure limits |
(OSHA) PEL\TWA: 5,000 ppm |
Industries present | Industrial processes (e.g., food and beverage), construction, chemical manufacturing, fire extinguishing systems, enhanced oil recovery |
Health effects | High levels can lead to dizziness, shortness of breath, headache, and in extreme cases, loss of consciousness or death |
Environmental impact | Major greenhouse gas contributing to global warming and climate change |
Duration in air | Can remain in the atmosphere for decades to centuries, contributing to long-term climate effects |
Exposure to low concentrations of carbon dioxide may cause irritation to the eyes, nose, or throat. It may also cause difficulty in breathing for some asthmatics. Respiratory distress or arrest has been observed in people exposed to very high concentrations of carbon dioxide.
Being subjected to low concentrations of carbon dioxide may also cause headaches, poor memory, tiredness, and balance problems. Brief exposures to high concentrations of carbon dioxide can cause loss of consciousness. In most cases, the person should regain consciousness without any other effects. However, in some individuals, there may be permanent or long-term effects such as headaches, poor attention span, poor memory, and poor motor function.
Those exposed to carbon dioxide should leave the affected area immediately and move to fresh air. Respiratory protection is advised when entering areas with high CO₂ levels. There is no antidote for CO₂ poisoning, but symptoms can be treated and managed. In severe cases, medical attention or hospitalisation may be required.
How to detect carbon dioxide
Need some expert advice?
The team here at Crowcon are industry leaders in gas detection, and between us have decades of experience working with and around substances like carbon dioxide. If you want advice on gas detection and safety, a member of our team is always on hand to walk you through the best resources and advice to keep you, your site, and your personnel safe.
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